Florida Teacher Certification Examinations (FTCE) Subject Area Practice Test

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Which system of government is characterized by a division of powers between a central authority and regional entities?

Monarchy
Unitary state
Confederation
Federal system

The correct answer is: Federal system

A federal system of government is distinguished by its organization into multiple levels, typically including a central authority and regional entities, such as states or provinces. This structure allows for the sharing and division of powers, enabling both the national government and the regional governments to enact laws and govern independently in certain areas. In a federal system, the constitution often delineates specific powers granted to the national government while reserving other powers for the states. This dual sovereignty ensures that both levels of government can operate effectively within their respective jurisdictions, fostering a balance that can accommodate diverse needs across different regions. The other options do not reflect this characteristic of power division. A monarchy centralizes power in a single ruling entity, while a unitary state consolidates authority within a central government, leaving little to no autonomy for regional divisions. A confederation represents a union of independent states that retains control over their own affairs, but it generally lacks a strong central authority, unlike a federal system.